Quantization is a process used in music production and audio editing to align the timing of a performance or recording with a specific timing grid. The grid is typically based on a metronome or other tempo-keeping device, and the process of quantization involves adjusting the timing of individual notes or events so that they align more closely with the grid.
Quantization is often used to correct timing errors or inconsistencies in a performance, or to create a more precise and consistent overall rhythm. For example, if a drummer is playing a song and their timing is slightly off, a producer may use quantization to align their performance with the metronome. This can make the overall rhythm of the song feel more tight and precise.
Quantization can also be used as a creative tool in music production. For example, a producer may use quantization to give a performance a more robotic or mechanical feel, or to create a specific type of groove or rhythm. Many digital audio workstations (DAWs) and music production software include quantization tools, allowing producers and engineers to easily adjust the timing of their recordings.
However, it is important to note that while quantization can be a useful tool, overuse can lead to a loss of the natural feel and expression of a performance. Many musicians and producers consider a balance between human feel and precision as ideal.